Category: Medical (Page 1 of 7)

GRAY MATTERS by Theodore H. Schwartz

December 17, 2024 / aylah234@hotmail.com / 0 Comments

We’ve all heard the phrase “it’s not brain surgery.” But what exactly is brain surgery? It’s a profession that is barely a hundred years old and profoundly connects two human beings, but few know how it works, or its history. How did early neurosurgeons come to understand the human brain—an extraordinarily complex organ that controls everything we do, and yet at only three pounds is so fragile? And how did this incredibly challenging and lifesaving specialty emerge?

In this warm, rigorous, and deeply insightful book, Dr. Theodore H. Schwartz explores what it’s like to hold the scalpel, wield the drill, extract a tumor, fix a bullet hole, and remove a blood clot—when every second can mean life or death. Drawing from the author’s own cases, plus media, sports, and government archives, this seminal work delves into all the brain-related topics that have long-consumed public curiosity, like what really happened to JFK, President Biden’s brain surgery, and the NFL’s management of CTE. Dr. Schwartz also surveys the field’s latest incredible advances and discusses the philosophical questions of the unity of the self and the existence of free will.

A neurosurgeon as well as a professor of neurosurgery at Weill Cornell Medicine, one of the busiest and most highly ranked neurosurgery centers in the world, Dr. Schwartz tells this story like no one else could. Told through anecdote and clear explanation, this is the ultimate cultural and scientific history of a literally mind-blowing human endeavor, one that cuts to the core of who we are.

Thanks to NetGalley the author, and Dutton for this review copy!

GRAY MATTERS is a fascinating exploration of the brain’s potential, expertly balancing scientific insight with philosophical contemplation. As a practicing neurosurgeon, Schwartz has a unique vantage point into the wonders and mysteries of the human brain, which he translates into an engaging and accessible narrative. The book dives deep into the gray matter—the seat of human cognition, emotion, and identity—and asks profound questions about the nature of consciousness, technology’s impact on the brain, and the future of neuroscience.

One of the strengths of this book is its ability to make complex medical concepts accessible to a general audience. Schwartz explains the anatomy and physiology of the brain in clear and concise terms, making it easy for readers to follow along. He also delves into the history of neurosurgery, tracing the evolution of the field from ancient times to the present day.

Through his writing, the author conveys a deep sense of empathy and compassion for his patients and their families.

Some of the cases he describes are:

The Musician’s Tumor: Schwartz recounts the case of a professional violinist who had a brain tumor. The surgery was particularly challenging because it was crucial to preserve the patient’s fine motor skills and musical abilities. During the operation, the patient was kept awake and played the violin, allowing Schwartz to ensure that the areas of the brain responsible for these skills were not damaged.
The Young Athlete: Another compelling case involves a young athlete who suffered a severe head injury. Schwartz describes the delicate process of removing a blood clot from the brain and the subsequent rehabilitation that allowed the patient to return to sports. This case highlights the resilience of the human brain and the importance of timely medical intervention.
The Phantom Limb: Schwartz also delves into the phenomenon of phantom limb pain through the story of a patient who experienced severe pain in a limb that had been amputated. The case explores the brain’s complex relationship with the body and how neurosurgery can sometimes alleviate such mysterious conditions.
The Epilepsy Patient: One of the most intriguing cases involves a patient with severe epilepsy. Schwartz performed a surgery to remove the part of the brain causing the seizures. The case is notable for the precision required and the dramatic improvement in the patient’s quality of life post-surgery.

The personal stories of patients provide a humanizing touch to the hard science, making it clear that the brain is more than just an organ—it’s the core of who we are as individuals. These stories give weight to the philosophical questions Schwartz raises: How far can we push the boundaries of human cognition? What are the risks of tampering with the essence of humanity? The discussion of the challenges of making life-and-death decisions and the impact of brain injuries on individuals and their families is unsettling and thought-provoking.

In addition to its medical and personal insights, GRAY MATTERS offers a valuable perspective on the future of neurosurgery. Schwartz discusses emerging technologies, such as brain-computer interfaces and gene therapy, and their potential to revolutionize the treatment of brain disorders. He also addresses the ethical concerns that may arise as these technologies become more advanced.

While the book is primarily focused on the medical aspects of neurosurgery, Schwartz also touches on the personal toll that this demanding profession can take on practitioners. His reflections on the emotional challenges of dealing with life-and-death situations provide a valuable perspective on the human side of medicine.

This is an intellectually stimulating read that merges science and philosophy seamlessly. The book is a compelling blend of memoir and textbook and is a highly recommended read for anyone interested in the brain, medicine, or the human condition. However, those looking for a purely philosophical or speculative work might feel that the book is too grounded in clinical reality.

Regardless, Schwartz’s expertise and passion for his field shine through on every page, making this book a fascinating and informative exploration of the complexities of the human mind and the incredible advancements that have been made in the field of neurosurgery.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

SPIT AND POLISH by D.A. Brown

March 5, 2024 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

Ruth was delighted when she was accepted into the nursing school at Kingston General Hospital. But she didn’t realize how challenging it would be. She quickly finds her skills aren’t up to snuff and is sent to build them up as an aide at the local tuberculosis sanitarium.
It’s 1946, and when Ruth arrives, she is immediately surrounded by crowds of wounded and infected soldiers, women, and children.
Ruth must find her way among the dying, depressed, and too-friendly patients, managing demanding doctors and a jealous mentor, without being sent home or infected. Can she impress her seniors and be readmitted to the nursing program she so wants?

Thanks to LibraryThing , author DA Brown, and Somewhat Grumpy Press for this advanced reviewer’s copy!

SPIT AND POLISH is a captivating historical fiction novel that transports readers to Canada in 1946, where aspiring nurse Ruth dreams of escaping her small-town life and making a difference. Accepted into Kingston General Hospital’s nursing school, her initial excitement crumbles as she struggles with the demanding coursework. Sent to gain experience at a local tuberculosis sanatorium, Ruth is confronted with the harsh realities of illness, death, and prejudice. Surrounded by wounded soldiers, desperate families, and a complex medical environment, she must navigate challenges while honing her skills. Ruth needs to find her strength, compassion, and the resilience to succeed.

The sanatorium, teeming with wounded soldiers and civilians battling the debilitating disease, paints a stark picture of the era’s healthcare realities. The facility fairly overflows with wounded soldiers, women, and children battling the debilitating disease. Ruth grapples with the emotional and physical demands of caring for, and witnessing firsthand, the suffering and resilience of her patients. Ruth must also navigate navigate dormitory life, avoid flirting soldiers, and handle the draining emotional complexities of her family back home. The author skillfully portrays the harsh realities of the medical setting, balancing it with moments of tenderness and compassion. It is easy to empathize with Ruth’s internal struggles as she confronts her own limitations and prejudices. Her journey is one of personal and professional development, and it is satisfying to see her initial naiveté transform into empathy, strength, and self-assuredness as she faces challenges head-on.

Brown immerses the reader in the post-war atmosphere of Canada, capturing the social anxieties, medical advancements (and limitations), and evolving societal roles of women. The struggles of returning soldiers and the stigma surrounding tuberculosis are woven seamlessly into the narrative.

Ruth’s growth is relatable and engaging, and the supporting cast, from other nursing students to her domineering father, adds depth and nuance. The initial chapters do move a bit slowly as the setting and characters are established. I would have liked to see some of the secondary characters (such as Patricia, Mrs. Graham, and Mary) fleshed out some more. This information might have given some more backstory and understanding of their behavioral quirks and motivation.

One thing that was a bit jarring to me were the short paragraphs of medical notes that began each chapter. One was a quote from 1947, quite a few were from Florence Nightingale’s NOTES ON NURSING, and there was one from 2018 quite early on in the book. While I appreciated the “insider information”, I spent a few minutes trying to figure out if the quote was supposed to reflect the tone of the chapter or not. Some were relevant, while others seemed random to me. I did like the idea of headers to each chapter, but I think they would work a lot better if the words tied in with each chapter’s vignette. Another option would be to let the reader know that the paragraphs at the beginning of each chapter are taken from either various authors who are sharing their thoughts on nursing, or excerpts from textbooks that will give the reader background on how TB was treated back then, etc. That would set an expectation for the reader, allowing them to absorb the information, then move seamlessly into the storyline.

SPIT AND POLISH offers a captivating journey through a unique historical setting. Brown’s well-researched narrative sheds light on the challenges and triumphs of mid-century healthcare, while Ruth’s personal growth resonates with themes of ambition and compassion. The novel delves into the emotional toll of caring for the sick and dying, yet the harsh realities of the sanatorium are balanced with moments of tenderness and hope, creating a nuanced portrayal of human resilience. Throughout the book, the importance of human connection in the face of adversity is underscored – a lesson we can all learn from in today’s world.

Readers interested in historical fiction with strong female protagonists and a touch of medical drama will find this book satisfying. One caveat: be aware of the potential for emotional intensity due to the setting and subject matter.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

TO CURE OR KILL by Michael Young

December 19, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

This is a frightening story describing the scientific discovery of a new cancer medication, and the greed and quest for wealth within the pharmaceutical industry. The book delves into the world of scientific development, executive entitlement, and the ruthless efforts to obtain a needed molecular synthesis protocol to advance a new drug. At the end of the novel, the reader will need to ask themselves the underlying question: Is this story really fiction?

Thanks to Reedsy Discovery for this review copy!

In this frightening novel, author Michael Young delves into the dark side of the pharmaceutical industry, where greed and ambition clash with the pursuit of life-saving cures. The story revolves around a groundbreaking discovery of a new cancer-preventing drug and the ruthless individuals who will stop at nothing to exploit it for their own gain. The captivating narrative weaves together scientific intrigue, corporate espionage, and moral quandaries, keeping the reader interested until the very end. The novel’s exploration of the ethical boundaries of scientific research is particularly thought-provoking, raising questions about the balance between profit and human health.

The characters are complex and believable, making you care about their fate. Most of the scientists in this book are created as sympathetic characters (rather than science nerds), and the bad guys are so easy to hate! The author has done a thorough job of creating arrogant, narcissistic criminals, and I was impressed at how he was able to create a plausible story line that delved into the mind of the villains as they planned their heinous actions.

The novel is suspenseful, with plenty of twists and turns to keep you guessing. I also appreciated the accurate medical details: as a physician, Young clearly has a deep understanding of the medical field, which adds to the realism of the story. It is detailed yet easy for the layman to understand. These details may also serve to educate the reader about DNA, , mRNA, how new drugs are created, and medical ethics. There are also extensive descriptions of various poisons and how to use them for nefarious purposes.

One of the author’s strengths is the way he uses adjectives to create a picture. I particularly liked the description of the inside of a character’s home: “Burksdale made a final look around the rather boring, sullen, apartment…”. Another few sentences of note: “With his good looks, self-confidence, and obvious intelligence, Bob could walk into any room and light it up. The women adored him, and the men wanted to be him.”

I also learned some more about company security. We are all subject to phishing and identity theft, and I liked how the tone of chapter 9 was set by chapter 8’s discussing the internet of things and how hackers operate.

This book made me think about medical ethics and corporate greed. The drug companies in the United States are at times both helpful and a hindrance. Lifesaving drugs are created, yet they are ridiculously overpriced, and people may have to choose between food on the table or the medication that makes their quality of life better. It is also very frightening to consider that corporate espionage goes on every day, and we may never find out about it.

Some things I disliked about the book were: simple editing errors regarding spelling (pored over, NOT poured over!) and the author’s excessive use of italics. He used them in many instances where they were not needed. For example: italics are used for all company names (Harris Therapeutics) and websites (Google, Facebook). This became jarring to me, as I normally associate italics being used for emphasis, not to discern a company name or website, etc. Eventually I got italics fatigue and viewed it all like the boy crying wolf.

Another unpleasant idiosyncrasy I noted: the verb tenses were often not compatible with each other within the same sentence. For example, on page 69 the sentence moves from past tense to present: “…Burksdale WAS able to assemble a list….it IS frightening how much personal information IS available online…” And again, from page 73: “Traffic on the expressway CAN BE brutal during rush hour, and getting off late WOULD BE a miserable waste of time”. It was as if the author was writing an aside to the reader to make a point of explaining something. This too, became grating to me, as the English major in me cringed every time I came upon it. It took me away from being absorbed in the story to shuddering and replacing the verb tense in my mind. I have not read any other of Young’s books, so I have no way of knowing if this is a one-off in this particular book, or if that is his true writing style.

One final note: I thought the ending was a bit abrupt. I would have liked to see a little more detail about some of the characters and how their lives were affected.

In Summary: TO CURE OR KILL is a thrilling tale of greed, ambition, and the pursuit of scientific breakthroughs, with a cautionary message about the potential dangers of unchecked ambition. It is also a timely and relevant novel that sheds light on the often-hidden world of pharmaceutical research. The novel explores important themes such as the ethics of scientific research, the greed of corporations, and the power of hope. The plot is a blend of fiction and reality, and the author challenges the reader to question whether such a story could happen.

This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the intersection of medicine, business, and ethics. Fans of medical thrillers and suspenseful fiction will also enjoy this book. I recommend this book to anyone who enjoys reading the works of Robin Cook, Michael Palmer, and Sandeep Jauhar.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 by Lorraine Evans

October 24, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

The Life of a Medical Officer in WW1 documents the experiences of Captain Harry Gordon Parker and provides a rare insight into the conflict that engulfed Europe from 1914-1918. Having joined the Naval Medical Service as a Royal Navy Temporary Surgeon, Parker’s first taste of war was aboard a hospital evacuation ship, which regularly crossed the English Channel, from Southampton to France, picking up casualties from the battle grounds. Somewhat disillusioned with the whole experience, he requested a transfer to the Royal Medical Army Corps and soon found himself transported to the trenches in France. It was here, first serving with the Lancashire Fusiliers and then later as permanent Regimental Medical Officer with the 2nd Manchester’s Regiment, that he spent the remainder of the war, witnessing first-hand the horrors of Passchendaele, Arras and the Somme.

Parker’s account not only reveals a record of the conflict, but also encompasses a totality of military life as it impacted on the medical fraternity. From bureaucratic red tape, lack of medical supplies, lice infestations, trench foot and absurd missions where the incompetence of his own side was as dangerous as the enemy, his thoughts are penned with sincerity, the utmost compassion as well as a certain degree of sardonic humor: ‘We went into the trenches for the first time at Givenchy. It snowed heavily, and our rations did not arrive. The Royal Welsh, however, generously shared their rations with our men, who repaid the kindness by (accidentally) shooting one of the Sergeants through the stomach!’. With endorsement from family members, author Lorraine Evans has revised Parker’s notes and scribblings for clarity and added complementary text to provide historical background. What transpires is a lasting and classic chronicle, an extraordinary human account of history as it ensued.

Thanks to Pen & Sword Publishing and the author for this review copy!

Lorraine Evans’ book THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 provides a detailed account of the experiences of medical officers during the Great War. The book is well-researched and provides a comprehensive insight into the challenges faced by these medical professionals during one of the most devastating periods in human history.

One of the primary themes that emerges from the book is the sheer scale of the medical challenges faced by the British Army during World War 1. With millions of soldiers fighting on the Western Front, medical officers were constantly dealing with a vast array of injuries and illnesses. From trench foot and gas attacks to bullet wounds and shell shock, medical officers were forced to deal with a range of conditions that they had never encountered before. Evans provides a vivid and sometimes disturbing description of the types of injuries and illnesses that medical officers had to deal with, as well as the methods they used to treat them.

Another key theme that emerges from the book is the resourcefulness and resilience of these soldiers during the war. Despite the constant challenges they faced, medical officers worked tirelessly to ensure that soldiers received the best possible care. This involved not only treating injuries and illnesses but also implementing measures to prevent the spread of disease and infection. Medical officers had to adapt quickly to changing circumstances and make do with limited resources. Evans highlights the innovative techniques and treatments that medical officers developed during the war, such as the use of X-rays and the introduction of blood transfusions.

The book also offers valuable insights into the social and cultural context of medical practice during World War I. Evans explores the gender and class dynamics that influenced medical practice during the war. Medical officers were overwhelmingly male, and many came from privileged backgrounds. This created tensions with the rank-and-file soldiers, who often resented the perceived class divide between themselves and the medical officers. Evans also discusses the role of women in medical practice during the war, highlighting the contributions of female nurses and doctors and detailing the barriers they faced in their efforts to contribute to the war effort.

Evans’ writing is engaging and immersive, drawing readers into the world of these professionals. She describes their daily routine, from the early morning rounds to the late-night surgeries. The book provides a detailed look at the medical equipment used during the war, such as stretchers, bandages, and surgical instruments. The reader will also learn about the medical techniques used during the war, including the use of gas and the development of new surgical procedures.

The author does not shy away from the horrors of war, including the gruesome injuries that medical officers were faced with daily. Evans describes the carnage of the battlefield in vivid detail, painting a picture of the overwhelming and gruesome reality of war. However, she also emphasizes the importance of the work done by these men, who often risked their own lives to save others.

Throughout the book, Evans pays tribute to the bravery and sacrifice of these soldiers during the war. She describes the courage it took to venture into the trenches, often under heavy fire, to treat wounded soldiers. The book is a testament to the selflessness and dedication of both men and women, who worked tirelessly to ease the suffering of others in the face of unimaginable adversity.

Overall, THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 is an insightful and informative book that offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced by these soldiers during one of the most tumultuous periods in human history. Evans’ writing is clear and engaging, and she provides a wealth of detail that will be of interest to anyone interested in the history of medicine or the history of warfare. The book is also highly relevant to contemporary debates about healthcare provision and the role of medical professionals in times of crisis. As such, it is an essential read for anyone looking to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by medical professionals during times of war. It is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of medicine, as well as those interested in the First World War and its impact on those who fought in it.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

SAY ANARCHA by J.C. Hallman

August 29, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A compelling reckoning with the birth of women’s health that illuminates the sacrifices of a young woman who changed the world only to be forgotten by it―until now.

For more than a century, Dr. J. Marion Sims was hailed as the “father of modern gynecology.” He founded a hospital in New York City and had a profitable career treating gentry and royalty in Europe, becoming one of the world’s first celebrity surgeons. Statues were built in his honor, but he wasn’t the hero he had made himself appear to be.
Sims’s greatest medical claim was the result of several years of experimental surgeries―without anesthesia―on a young, enslaved woman known as Anarcha; his so-called cure for obstetric fistula forever altered the path of women’s health.
One medical text after another hailed Anarcha as the embodiment of the pivotal role that Sims played in the history of surgery. Decades later, a groundswell of women objecting to Sims’s legacy celebrated Anarcha as the “mother of gynecology.” Little was known about the woman herself. The written record would have us believe Anarcha disappeared; she did not.

Through tenacious research, J. C. Hallman has unearthed the first evidence of Anarcha’s life that did not come from Sims’s suspect reports. Hallman reveals that after helping to spark a patient-centered model of care that continues to improve women’s lives today, Anarcha lived on as a midwife, nurse, and “doctor woman.”
SAY ANARCHA excavates history, deconstructing the biographical smoke screen of a surgeon who has falsely been enshrined as a medical pioneer and bringing forth a heroic Black woman to her rightful place at the center of the creation story of modern women’s health care.

Thanks to NetGalley and Henry Holt Company for this review copy!

SAY ANARCHA by JC Hallman is a remarkable work that transports readers to the haunting realities of 19th-century America, where the harrowing echoes of enslaved African American women’s lives reverberate through time. This powerful novel delves deep into the forgotten pages of history, weaving a compelling narrative that is as heart-wrenching as it is enlightening.

The story revolves around Anarcha, one of the countless enslaved women subjected to Dr. Marion Sims’ inhumane medical experiments in his quest to perfect the technique of gynecological surgery. a white doctor who is often credited with the invention of modern gynecology.

Drawing inspiration from historical events, the author masterfully combines fact and fiction, bringing the agonizing experiences of Anarcha and her fellow enslaved women to life with vivid prose. Hallman’s writing effortlessly transports readers to the 19th-century Southern United States, immersing them in a world of suffering and hope. This strength was also a weakness to me, as I felt bogged down by all the history. At one point I decided to start skipping over the incredible details and concentrate on Anarcha and the other major characters. These are my thoughts; others may welcome history as a refresher, or as new knowledge.

The book begins with a brief overview of Sims’s life and work. Sims was a brilliant surgeon, but he was also a deeply flawed man who was willing to exploit the most vulnerable members of society in his quest for medical knowledge. In 1846, Sims began performing experimental surgeries on Anarcha, who had suffered a severe vesicovaginal fistula, a condition that causes urine to leak into the vagina. Sims performed these surgeries without anesthesia, and Anarcha endured unimaginable pain and suffering. She eventually died from complications from all her surgeries.

The book is divided into two parts. The first part tells the story of Anarcha’s life, from her childhood in slavery to her years of suffering at the hands of Sims. The second part tells the story of Sims’ rise to fame as the “Father of Gynecology.” Sims’ innovations were built upon the suffering and exploitation of Anarcha and other enslaved women. Hallman weaves a vivid tapestry of historical accounts, immersing readers in the cruel reality faced by Anarcha and countless others, while shedding light on the often-neglected narratives of African American women in history.

Hallman’s book does not shy away from the horrors of Anarcha’s story. He describes in detail the surgeries that Sims performed on her, and he also explores the psychological and emotional toll that these surgeries took on Anarcha. However, Hallman also does a masterful job of humanizing Anarcha. He shows us that she was a complex and resilient woman who was determined to survive and thrive, even in the face of unspeakable cruelty. Despite the horrific abuse she suffered, Anarcha never gave up hope. She continued to fight for her freedom, and she eventually won her release from slavery.

One of the book’s strengths is the author’s ability to blend history with imagination, breathing life into Anarcha and the other characters surrounding her. Hallman’s meticulous research is evident, as he brings to light the horrors of slavery and the atrocities committed in the name of medical progress.

The novel also explores the perspectives of those around Anarcha, including Dr. Sims himself. This multi-dimensional approach adds depth to the narrative, forcing readers to confront the uncomfortable truths about the moral and ethical dilemmas faced by those complicit in perpetuating the system of slavery. The portrayal of Dr. Sims is particularly nuanced, exploring the complexity of his character as both a pioneering surgeon and a morally flawed individual. For all his knowledge, he was extremely self-centered and didn’t even care about women’s health as he was going through medical school! I feel that he did everything solely to make his name known, not out of compassion.

“Say Anarcha” may not be for the faint of heart due to its graphic descriptions of medical procedures and the harsh realities of slavery. Readers should be prepared for an emotionally intense journey that forces them to confront the uncomfortable truths of history.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

RANDOM ACTS OF MEDICINE by Anupam B. Jena & Christopher Worsham

August 15, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A groundbreaking book at the intersection of health and economics, revealing the hidden side of medicine and how unexpected—but predictable—events can profoundly affect our health. Why do kids born in the summer get diagnosed more often with A.D.H.D.? How are marathons harmful for your health, even when you’re not running? What do surgeons and salesmen have in common? Which annual event made people 30 percent more likely to get COVID-19?
As a University of Chicago–trained economist and Harvard medical school professor and doctor, Anupam Jena is uniquely equipped to answer these questions. And as a critical care doctor at Massachusetts General who researches health care policy, Christopher Worsham confronts their impact on the hospital’s sickest patients. In this singular work of science and medicine, Jena and Worsham show us how medicine really works, and its effect on all of us.

Relying on ingeniously devised natural experiments—random events that unknowingly turn us into experimental subjects—Jena and Worsham do more than offer readers colorful stories. They help us see the way our health is shaped by forces invisible to the untrained eye. Is there ever a good time to have a heart attack? Do you choose the veteran doctor or the rookie?  Do you really need the surgery your doctor recommends? These questions are rife with significance; their impact can be life changing. Addressing them in a style that’s both animated and enlightening, Random Acts of Medicine empowers you to see past the white coat and find out what really makes medicine work—and how it could work better.

Thanks to Doubleday Books for this review copy! Authors Anupam B. Jena and Christopher Worsham have collaborated on a fascinating and eye-opening book at the intersection of health and economics. The book explores the surprising and often counterintuitive ways that medicine works. The authors, both doctors and researchers at Harvard Medical School, use natural experiments—random events that create natural comparisons among people—to reveal the hidden factors that influence our health outcomes.

Jena and Worsham look at medicine from a few different angles, including the role of chance and luck, the power of natural experiments, and the future of healthcare. Jena and Worsham do an excellent job of explaining complex concepts in a way that is easy to understand.

The book is divided into three parts: “The Hidden Side of Medicine,” “The Power of Natural Experiments,” and “The Future of Medicine.” In the first part, Jena and Worsham explore the ways in which chance and luck play a role in our health. They discuss how our birthdate, our zip code, and even our name can all influence our health outcomes.

In the second part of the book, Jena and Worsham introduce the concept of natural experiments. Natural experiments are events that happen outside of a doctor’s control, but which can be used to learn about the effects of different medical treatments or interventions. For example, Jena and Worsham discuss how the introduction of a new drug can be used to study the effects of that drug on a population of patients.

In the third part of the book, Jena and Worsham look at the future of medicine. They discuss how the rise of big data and artificial intelligence is changing the way we understand and treat disease. They also discuss the challenges that we face in making sure that everyone has access to high-quality healthcare.

For example, they show how kids born in the summer are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, how marathons can harm your health even if you don’t run, how surgeons and salesmen have similar incentives, and how an annual event made people 30 percent more likely to get COVID-19. The book is full of intriguing stories and insights that challenge our assumptions and make us think differently about medicine and health care.

The book is also written in a clear and engaging style that makes it accessible and enjoyable for anyone interested in learning more about the science and economics of medicine. The authors combine rigorous research with personal anecdotes and humor to illustrate their points and keep the reader hooked. They also offer practical advice on how to make better decisions for ourselves and our loved ones when it comes to our health. One caveat: I felt the book was a bit long. I think it could have been shorter without losing any of the valuable information.

Random Acts of Medicine is an informative read for anyone who wants to understand how medicine really works, and how it could work better. It will make you smarter, healthier, and more informed about one of the most important aspects of our lives. I recommend it to anyone who is interested in learning more about the hidden side of medicine, the power of natural experiments, and the future of healthcare.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

WOMB by Leah Hazard

March 7, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A groundbreaking, triumphant investigation of the uterus—from birth to death, in sickness and in health, throughout history and into our possible future—from midwife and acclaimed writer Leah Hazard

The size of a clenched fist and the shape of a light bulb—with no less power and potential. Every person on Earth began inside a uterus, but how much do we really understand about the womb? Bringing together medical history, scientific discoveries, and journalistic exploration, Leah Hazard embarks on a journey in search of answers about the body’s most miraculous and contentious organ. We meet the people who have shaped our relationship with the uterus: doctors and doulas, yoni steamers and fibroid-tea hawkers, legislators who would regulate the organ’s very existence, and boundary-breaking researchers on the frontiers of the field. With a midwife’s warmth and humor, Hazard tackles pressing questions: Is the womb connected to the brain? Can cervical crypts store sperm? Do hysterectomies affect sexual pleasure? How can smart tampons help health care? Why does endometriosis take so long to be diagnosed? Will external gestation be possible in our lifetime? A clear-eyed examination of the cultural prejudices and assumptions that have made the uterus so poorly understood for centuries, Womb takes a fresh look at an organ that brings us pain and pleasure—a small part of our bodies that has a larger impact than we ever thought possible.

Thanks to NetGalley and Ecco for this review copy!

Every woman has one, but do they understand what the womb really does? Once you read this informative book you will be so happy the author wrote it.

When I saw that a midwife authored this book, I knew that it would be relevant, detailed, and female friendly. The womb is regulated by the government, dismissed by some physicians, and disparaged by men. It is also a misunderstood organ, considered to be simply the place where the fetus lives. That could not be farther from the truth! The uterus has far -reaching effects upon a woman, more than just the cause of mood swings each month during menstruation.

Each chapter discusses a different subject, such as endometriosis, hysterectomies, transplants (yes, you can put a uterus into a woman just like a heart transplant) hormones, and the various stages of the womb from first menses to menopause. The final chapters are reminiscent of BRAVE NEW WORLD, as the author discusses the possibility of an external uterus (called a biobag) and ways that a woman could be pregnant even without a womb.

There are stories in each chapter that make you realize just how much this organ is ignored and how men have used and abused it, from Josef Mengele’s experiments to the eugenics movement in the United States. Some of the details are cringeworthy, such as the woman who tried to remove her own uterus, or the story of the doctor at the Irwin County Detention Center whom they called the “uterus collector”.

Since Roe v. Wade has been overturned, women’s reproductive rights have been at the forefront of a great deal of news cycles. It seems unreal how the government, especially male politicians, have the final say on whether a woman can end her pregnancy or not. Regardless of your convictions (pro-choice or pro-life), it is unfathomable that a woman has no control over her own organs.

This book should be required reading for anyone that has a uterus. There are so many amazing facts and thought-provoking ideas – it’s almost guaranteed that you will learn something as you read WOMB. The author’s writing style is easy to understand, as she explains the science and history of this wonderful organ in a way that will make you want to keep reading.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

DEATH INTERRUPTED by Blair Bigham, MD

October 18, 2022 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

In Death Interrupted, ICU doctor Blair Bigham shares his first-hand experiences of how medicine has complicated the way we die and offers a road map for dying in the modern era. Doctors today can call on previously unimaginable technologies to help keep our bodies alive. In this new era, most organs can be kept from dying almost indefinitely by machines. But this unprecedented shift in end-of-life care has created a major crisis. In the widening grey zone between life and death, doctors fight with doctors, families feel pressured to make tough decisions about their loved ones, and lawyers are left to argue life-and-death cases in the courts. Meanwhile, intensive care patients are caught in purgatory, attached to machines and unable to speak for themselves. In Death Interrupted, Dr. Blair Bigham seeks to help readers understand the options facing them at the end of their lives. Through conversations with end-of-life professionals — including ethicists, social workers, and nurses and doctors who practice palliative care — and observations from his own time working in ambulances, emergency rooms, and the ICU, Bigham exposes the tensions inherent in this new era of dying and answers the tough questions facing us all. Because now, for the first time in human history, we may be able to choose how our own story ends.

Many thanks to NetGalley and House of Anansi Press for this review copy!

This book will make you think long and hard about your final wishes. The author explains why death and dying is such a taboo subject, how technology is making us think that we should live forever, and continually reminds us that “mors vincit omnia” (which means death conquers all in Latin). Bigham shows his compassion in every chapter, as he explores the new frontiers of end-of-life care and human euthanasia.

Years ago, our life expectancy was a lot shorter than it is now. Families were used to each other dying at home in their own beds. As they were forced to confront their mortality in a very tangible way, there were no taboos surrounding death. It was, quite literally, a major part of their lives. Since our life expectancy has increased, and there is so much innovative technology such as ventilators and ECMO machines that can prolong life, we are determined to avoid death for as long as we can. Every medical show on TV shows doctors snatching patients out of the jaws of death via “code blue” situations and miracles. The author describes this equation: technology X (resuscitation glorification + death denialism) = FALSE HOPE. We come to a hospital armed with the belief that recovery is imminent, therefore there is no reason to consider end-of-life planning or care.

Despite the leaps and bounds made by new medical technology, doctors hesitate to rely on machines sometimes. Airline pilots are taught to trust their instruments completely; after all, when they can’t see out of the plane’s window, they fly using the altimeter, directional gyro, and other instruments that let them know how fast and high they are going. In the medical world, things are different. A patient on a respirator is not guaranteed to wake up and resume his normal life. Transplanted organs may be rejected. And thereby lies the “death dilemma”. When is it time to pull the plug? Who decides to sentence their loved ones to the Great Beyond? Why don’t doctors talk honestly about death and dying, or palliative care? We all want the kitchen sink thrown at our mom or brother, in hopes that they will be with us longer, having cheated death.

But that is not always possible, or even desired. Those who stipulate “no feeding tube” or choose to be a DNR are choosing control over their own death, relieving the family countless hours of arguing, or wondering what Dad would really want done in case of mortal injuries or sickness. The author discusses ethics, communication, and myths surrounding death, to enlighten us and understand the predicament our doctors are in. There is a chapter on euthanasia and on cryogenics. There are conversations with scientists and ethicists who find the death dilemma fascinating. There are stories about real patients who lived against all odds, and others who died despite hours long codes and hundreds of pints of blood pumped into their bodies. Bigham provokes the reader to truly confront their own fears about death, suffering, and not being able to go peacefully, on their own terms.

I find the death dilemma very fascinating and have read extensively on this subject (as I have mentioned multiple times in my reviews, I wanted to be a mortician when I was deciding my path through life). DEATH INTERRUPTED is one of the best books I have read on this subject. The author shows his human side through his compassion and quest to make every one of his patients have the best death possible. His writing is not too technical or difficult to understand, and he tries to show the pros and cons of prolonging life for distinct reasons. I am happy to report that I also learned some new things, such as the various “types” of death (brain-dead, suspension to keep organs alive for donation, and dead-dead) and the problems doctors face before they are able to declare one dead.

(On a similar note – this article appeared in the New York Times and I found it quite appropriate to add to this review.)

If you are wondering why you would need to make a living will or are putting off thinking about a morbid subject like your own death, please read this book. You will be shocked, saddened, scared, and motivated to consider your own end-of-life wishes. Many thanks to Blair Bigham for bringing this subject to the forefront in a new and stimulating way.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

THE FACEMAKER by Lindsey Fitzharris

September 27, 2022 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

The poignant story of the visionary surgeon who rebuilt the faces of the First World War’s injured heroes, and in the process ushered in the modern era of plastic surgery.
From the moment the first machine gun rang out over the Western Front, one thing was clear: mankind’s military technology had wildly surpassed its medical capabilities. The war’s new weaponry, from tanks to shrapnel, enabled slaughter on an industrial scale, and given the nature of trench warfare, thousands of soldiers sustained facial injuries. Medical advances meant that more survived their wounds than ever before, yet disfigured soldiers did not receive the hero’s welcome they deserved.

In The Facemaker, award-winning historian Lindsey Fitzharris tells the astonishing story of the pioneering plastic surgeon Harold Gillies, who dedicated himself to restoring the faces – and the identities – of a brutalized generation. Gillies, a Cambridge-educated New Zealander, became interested in the nascent field of plastic surgery after encountering the human wreckage on the front. Returning to Britain, he established one of the world’s first hospitals dedicated entirely to facial reconstruction in Sidcup, south-east England. There, Gillies assembled a unique group of doctors, nurses, and artists whose task was to recreate what had been torn apart. At a time when losing a limb made a soldier a hero, but losing a face made him a monster to a society largely intolerant of disfigurement, Gillies restored not just the faces of the wounded but also their spirits. Meticulously researched and grippingly told, The Facemaker places Gillies’s ingenious surgical innovations alongside the poignant stories of soldiers whose lives were wrecked and repaired. The result is a vivid account of how medicine and art can merge, and of what courage and imagination can accomplish in the presence of relentless horror.

Thanks to NetGalley and Farrar, Straus and Giroux for this review copy!

THE FACEMAKER is an impressive, intense, and fact-packed book, not only about the development of plastic surgery, but also an insight into World War One and its devastating effects. I admit my understanding of the war was negligible prior to reading this, but now I have learned enough to have my interest piqued and I want to learn more. I have just requested a review copy of MEN OF 18 IN 1918 by Frederick James Hodges, a book that I would have certainly passed over if I had not read THE FACEMAKER.

Dr Harold Gillies is the titular surgeon who is constantly creating new ways to help disfigured soldiers (warning! Link leads to extremely graphic photos that may be disturbing) live normal lives. It is noted that those who had lost limbs were celebrated as heroes fighting for their country, while those who sustained facial injuries were shunned and considered freaks. The reasoning behind this is: faces and their ability to create expressions are what makes us “human”, and any deviation of what is considered “normal” creates discomfort. A face without a nose, or with a shattered jaw is difficult to look at, and so those poor soldiers were hidden away from the general public. The wards where those men were kept contained no mirrors, lest they catch a glimpse of themselves and lose the will to live.

Gillies is not the only doctor mentioned in this book; many other courageous surgeons contributed to the effort to repair these poor soldiers. The book is interspersed with descriptions of action on the Western Front, excerpts from diary entries from the soldiers that were lucky enough to have their journals survive (even if they didn’t), and accounts of how collaboration among the doctors furthered their knowledge and experience.

What fascinated me the most was hearing about the soldier’s activity on the battlefield, how he came to be injured, then his ordeal with Dr Gillies, enduring multiple operations while new techniques were tried time and time again. The book does contain a lot of graphic detail, so if you are squeamish, be aware.

I learned about artwork bringing attention to the soldier’s plight – one of the more poignant ones is the painting by John Singer Sargent entitled Gassed. The human cost of war is depicted in this 21-foot-long epic work. Other paintings and drawings are noted throughout the book, explaining how these methods helped the physicians rebuild faces. Sculpture was also used; multiple casts were made as the recreation and correction of each visage progressed.

The epilogue of THE FACEMAKER notes how plastic surgery evolved from a necessity to a luxury; rhinoplasty, facelifts, and the like were performed by Gillies long after the war was over. He continued to help others feel better about themselves until he died in 1960. He was a true visionary whose work ethic and kindness made the world a better place for many, many others.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

TORNADO OF LIFE by Jay Baruch

August 30, 2022 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

Stories from the ER: a doctor shows how empathy, creativity, and imagination are the cornerstones of clinical care.

To be an emergency room doctor is to be a professional listener to stories. Each patient presents a story; finding the heart of that story is the doctor’s most critical task. More technology, more tests, and more data won’t work if doctors get the story wrong. Empathy, creativity, and imagination are the cornerstones of clinical care. In Tornado of Life, ER physician Jay Baruch offers a series of short, powerful, and affecting essays that capture the stories of ER patients in all their complexity and messiness.

Patients come to the ER with lives troubled by scales of misfortune that have little to do with disease or injury. ER doctors must be problem-finders before they are problem-solvers. Cheryl, for example, whose story is a chaos narrative of “and this happened, and then that happened, and then, and then and then and then,” tells Baruch she is “stuck in a tornado of life.” What will help her, and what will help Mr. K., who seems like a textbook case of post-combat PTSD but turns out not to be? Baruch describes, among other things, the emergency of loneliness (invoking Chekhov, another doctor-writer); his own (frightening) experience as a patient; the patient who demanded a hug; and emergency medicine during COVID-19. These stories often end without closure or solutions. The patients are discharged into the world. But if they’re lucky, the doctor has listened to their stories as well as treated them.

Thanks to NetGalley and MIT Press for this review copy!

TORNADO OF LIFE is a quick read, filled with short stories about patients presenting to the emergency room and how they provoke the doctor’s thoughts and actions. For example, one of the first patients the author sees (as a brand-new doctor) is a woman, presenting with vague symptoms, but appearing well. It turns out that she may have been abused by her husband, and just needed someone to talk to, and perhaps have someone suggest a course of action for her. Baruch regrets not seeing the patient’s true needs and says that case stayed in his mind for a while. He attributes his lack of communication to his inexperience and explains to the reader why it is important to consider the whole patient, not just what they are telling you. He also says an ER doctor should not judge a patient on how they look when they show up to the ER. Sometimes the most disheveled need the least care, and vice versa.

He tells the story of a patient asking for pain meds; and is unsure if he should prescribe them. He discusses the dilemma of drug-seeking patients and how pain is unmeasurable, unlike a temperature or a heart rate. Baruch says that “do no harm” is a doctor’s first tenet, but when it comes to pain, you may be damned if you do or damned if you don’t. If someone is in real pain, he is obligated to help them. But if a patient is looking for drugs to feed his habit, then prescribing them could harm them as Baruch encourages them to continue their addiction.

Each chapter holds a new patient’s story and the lesson the ER doctor learned from the case. Communication and empathy are a recurring theme, which makes sense. An ER visit is fraught with anxiety, and it can be comforting if a caring physician examines you. Often the doctor has only a few minutes to connect with the patient, which makes getting through the layers of each person’s needs exceedingly difficult. The chapters are stand-alone stories, making the book easy to read in small bites.

Baruch touches on each of those layers in depth, ruminating on how he could have helped some patients better, how some patients helped him learn more about himself, and detailing the psychic struggle that doctors experience daily. Baruch comes across as an extremely caring and empathetic person; I would appreciate his care should I ever need to visit his ER.

The only thing that frustrated me about TORNADO OF LIFE was that I never got closure on any of the patient’s ailments. The author states that in the beginning of the book – there will only be a few details about the ER visit and then the rest of the chapter will be introspection. I found myself wanting to know more about each patient, what their diagnosis was and how they were addressed before they were discharged. I learned to put my dismay aside as I got through each chapter, understanding that the point of each story was Baruch’s rumination and a lesson learned.

This is an unusual book, as the doctor’s thoughts are shared front and center. Most books written by those in the medical field will give a great deal of detail on their patients with a bit of introspection added. TORNADO OF LIFE is the opposite, and the reader needs to take time to digest the deep thoughts Baruch shares. Reading this will give you new respect for ER doctors and all that they handle on a daily basis.

Want to read this book? You can pick up your copy here.