Tag: medical (Page 1 of 2)

THE LIVING MEDICINE: HOW A LIFESAVING CURE WAS NEARLY LOST by Lina Zeldovich

October 22, 2024 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

The dramatic, tragic, long-suppressed story of a forgotten and life-saving cure, and the scientists who discovered and are now reviving it
First discovered in 1917, bacteriophages—or “phages”—are living viruses that devour bacteria. Ubiquitous in the environment, they are found in water, soil, inside plants and animals, and in the human body. When phages were first recognized as medicines, their promise seemed limitless. Grown by research scientists and physicians in France, the Soviet Union, and elsewhere to target specific bacteria, they cured cholera, dysentery, bubonic plague, and other deadly infectious diseases. But after Stalin’s brutal purges and the rise of antibiotics, phage therapy declined and nearly was lost to history—until today.
In The Living Medicine, acclaimed science journalist Lina Zeldovich reveals the remarkable history of phages, told through the lives of the French, Soviet, and American scientists who discovered, developed, and are reviving this unique cure for seemingly intractable diseases. Ranging from Paris to Soviet Georgia to Egypt, India, South Africa, remote islands in the Far East, and America, The Living Medicine shows how phages once saved tens of thousands of lives. Today, with our antibiotic shield collapsing, Zeldovich demonstrates how phages are making our food safe and, in cases of dire emergency, rescuing people from the brink of death. They may be humanity’s best defense against the pandemics to come.
Filled with adventure, human ambition, tragedy, technology, irrepressible scientists and the excitement of their innovation, The Living Medicine offers a vision of how our future may be saved by knowledge from the past.

Thanks to NetGalley and the publisher for this review copy!

Lina Zeldovich’s book, The Living Medicine: How a Lifesaving Cure Was Nearly Lost—and Why It Will Rescue Us When Antibiotics Fail, explores the world of bacteriophages, or phages. These are viruses that specifically infect and kill bacteria, offering a potential solution to the growing crisis of antibiotic resistance.

The book delves into the tumultuous history of phages, from their discovery in 1917 to their near obscurity as antibiotics took center stage in the mid-20th century. Zeldovich explores the reasons behind this shift, including the ease of production, the use of antibiotics compared to phages, and the rise of powerful pharmaceutical companies.

However, with the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, phages are re-emerging as a potential weapon in our fight against infectious diseases. The book examines the current research and development efforts around phage therapy, highlighting its potential to combat a wide range of infections.

As antibiotic resistance escalates into a global health crisis, Zeldovich’s work becomes both timely and essential, shedding light on an ancient remedy that may hold the key to our future.

Zeldovich’s storytelling is engaging and accessible, skillfully blending rigorous scientific detail with personal narratives and historical context. She delves into the lives of pioneering scientists who first discovered and utilized phages, such as Félix d’Hérelle and George Eliava, and navigates through the complex socio-political landscapes that influenced their work.

She also provides a detailed account of the geopolitical dynamics that influenced medical research, especially during the Cold War era. In the West, antibiotics became the standard treatment for bacterial infections, leading to the neglect of phage therapy. Meanwhile, in places like Georgia, phage research flourished, resulting in a rich repository of knowledge and experience that has now become invaluable as the world faces the looming crisis of antibiotic resistance.

The author’s ability to weave together historical accounts and scientific explanations makes for a compelling and thought-provoking read. She also adds anecdotes and case studies, illustrating the profound impact of phage therapy on individuals who had exhausted all other medical options. These stories not only humanize the science but also serve as powerful testimonials to the efficacy of phages.

Her personal connection to the topic adds a rich layer to the narrative. Zeldovich draws on her family’s experiences in the Soviet Union, where phage therapy was a common and successful practice. This intimate frame of reference enriches the book, providing a unique perspective on how cultural and political factors shape scientific advancements and healthcare practices.

Zeldovich also explores the innovative research and technological advancements that are propelling phages back into the spotlight. She discusses the potential of genetic engineering to enhance phage efficacy and the promise of personalized medicine tailored to individual patients’ infections. The book builds a compelling argument for why phages should be integrated into the mainstream medical arsenal, especially as the pipeline for new antibiotics dries up. The author also emphasizes the global implications of antibiotic resistance and the need for international collaboration in combating bacterial infections. She highlights how phages offer a ray of hope not only for wealthy nations grappling with antibiotic resistance but also for low-resource settings where access to antibiotics is limited.

Strengths:

THE LIVING MEDICINE tackles a critical issue in public health: antibiotic resistance. As antibiotics become less effective, phages offer a promising alternative. The book also provides a historical perspective on phage therapy, explaining its decline and resurgence.

The narrative is enriched with vivid descriptions and compelling characters, from passionate scientists to desperate patients, which keeps the reader invested throughout.

Concerns:

The book focuses heavily on the potential of phages, with less exploration of the current challenges in bringing phage therapy to mainstream medicine. While the book avoids overly technical jargon, there are sections that might be challenging for readers unfamiliar with scientific concepts. At times, the story jumps from one focus to another, making it sometimes hard to follow the narrative.

While THE LIVING MEDICINE is largely an optimistic account of phages’ potential, Zeldovich does not shy away from discussing the challenges. She addresses the regulatory hurdles, the need for rigorous clinical trials, and the skepticism within the medical community. However, some readers may find the book’s enthusiasm for phages occasionally overshadows these critical perspectives.

This book is a well-researched and informative book that sheds light on a promising area of medical research. It offers a compelling look at phages and their potential to revolutionize how we treat infectious diseases. It is important to note that phage therapy is still in its preliminary stages of development, and more research is needed to determine its efficacy and safety for widespread use. The book does seem to be grounded in scientific research, making the potential of phage therapy seem authentic. To me, it seems like it was written with a scientific background in mind. To that end, this book is highly recommended for medical professionals, microbiologists, and anyone interested in the evolving landscape of healthcare. It also serves as a valuable resource for policy makers and educators looking to understand and address the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance. Zeldovich’s work serves as both a wakeup call and a beacon of hope. This book not only informs but also inspires, making a compelling case for the revival of phage therapy in modern medicine.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

SPIT AND POLISH by D.A. Brown

March 5, 2024 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

Ruth was delighted when she was accepted into the nursing school at Kingston General Hospital. But she didn’t realize how challenging it would be. She quickly finds her skills aren’t up to snuff and is sent to build them up as an aide at the local tuberculosis sanitarium.
It’s 1946, and when Ruth arrives, she is immediately surrounded by crowds of wounded and infected soldiers, women, and children.
Ruth must find her way among the dying, depressed, and too-friendly patients, managing demanding doctors and a jealous mentor, without being sent home or infected. Can she impress her seniors and be readmitted to the nursing program she so wants?

Thanks to LibraryThing , author DA Brown, and Somewhat Grumpy Press for this advanced reviewer’s copy!

SPIT AND POLISH is a captivating historical fiction novel that transports readers to Canada in 1946, where aspiring nurse Ruth dreams of escaping her small-town life and making a difference. Accepted into Kingston General Hospital’s nursing school, her initial excitement crumbles as she struggles with the demanding coursework. Sent to gain experience at a local tuberculosis sanatorium, Ruth is confronted with the harsh realities of illness, death, and prejudice. Surrounded by wounded soldiers, desperate families, and a complex medical environment, she must navigate challenges while honing her skills. Ruth needs to find her strength, compassion, and the resilience to succeed.

The sanatorium, teeming with wounded soldiers and civilians battling the debilitating disease, paints a stark picture of the era’s healthcare realities. The facility fairly overflows with wounded soldiers, women, and children battling the debilitating disease. Ruth grapples with the emotional and physical demands of caring for, and witnessing firsthand, the suffering and resilience of her patients. Ruth must also navigate navigate dormitory life, avoid flirting soldiers, and handle the draining emotional complexities of her family back home. The author skillfully portrays the harsh realities of the medical setting, balancing it with moments of tenderness and compassion. It is easy to empathize with Ruth’s internal struggles as she confronts her own limitations and prejudices. Her journey is one of personal and professional development, and it is satisfying to see her initial naiveté transform into empathy, strength, and self-assuredness as she faces challenges head-on.

Brown immerses the reader in the post-war atmosphere of Canada, capturing the social anxieties, medical advancements (and limitations), and evolving societal roles of women. The struggles of returning soldiers and the stigma surrounding tuberculosis are woven seamlessly into the narrative.

Ruth’s growth is relatable and engaging, and the supporting cast, from other nursing students to her domineering father, adds depth and nuance. The initial chapters do move a bit slowly as the setting and characters are established. I would have liked to see some of the secondary characters (such as Patricia, Mrs. Graham, and Mary) fleshed out some more. This information might have given some more backstory and understanding of their behavioral quirks and motivation.

One thing that was a bit jarring to me were the short paragraphs of medical notes that began each chapter. One was a quote from 1947, quite a few were from Florence Nightingale’s NOTES ON NURSING, and there was one from 2018 quite early on in the book. While I appreciated the “insider information”, I spent a few minutes trying to figure out if the quote was supposed to reflect the tone of the chapter or not. Some were relevant, while others seemed random to me. I did like the idea of headers to each chapter, but I think they would work a lot better if the words tied in with each chapter’s vignette. Another option would be to let the reader know that the paragraphs at the beginning of each chapter are taken from either various authors who are sharing their thoughts on nursing, or excerpts from textbooks that will give the reader background on how TB was treated back then, etc. That would set an expectation for the reader, allowing them to absorb the information, then move seamlessly into the storyline.

SPIT AND POLISH offers a captivating journey through a unique historical setting. Brown’s well-researched narrative sheds light on the challenges and triumphs of mid-century healthcare, while Ruth’s personal growth resonates with themes of ambition and compassion. The novel delves into the emotional toll of caring for the sick and dying, yet the harsh realities of the sanatorium are balanced with moments of tenderness and hope, creating a nuanced portrayal of human resilience. Throughout the book, the importance of human connection in the face of adversity is underscored – a lesson we can all learn from in today’s world.

Readers interested in historical fiction with strong female protagonists and a touch of medical drama will find this book satisfying. One caveat: be aware of the potential for emotional intensity due to the setting and subject matter.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

TO CURE OR KILL by Michael Young

December 19, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

This is a frightening story describing the scientific discovery of a new cancer medication, and the greed and quest for wealth within the pharmaceutical industry. The book delves into the world of scientific development, executive entitlement, and the ruthless efforts to obtain a needed molecular synthesis protocol to advance a new drug. At the end of the novel, the reader will need to ask themselves the underlying question: Is this story really fiction?

Thanks to Reedsy Discovery for this review copy!

In this frightening novel, author Michael Young delves into the dark side of the pharmaceutical industry, where greed and ambition clash with the pursuit of life-saving cures. The story revolves around a groundbreaking discovery of a new cancer-preventing drug and the ruthless individuals who will stop at nothing to exploit it for their own gain. The captivating narrative weaves together scientific intrigue, corporate espionage, and moral quandaries, keeping the reader interested until the very end. The novel’s exploration of the ethical boundaries of scientific research is particularly thought-provoking, raising questions about the balance between profit and human health.

The characters are complex and believable, making you care about their fate. Most of the scientists in this book are created as sympathetic characters (rather than science nerds), and the bad guys are so easy to hate! The author has done a thorough job of creating arrogant, narcissistic criminals, and I was impressed at how he was able to create a plausible story line that delved into the mind of the villains as they planned their heinous actions.

The novel is suspenseful, with plenty of twists and turns to keep you guessing. I also appreciated the accurate medical details: as a physician, Young clearly has a deep understanding of the medical field, which adds to the realism of the story. It is detailed yet easy for the layman to understand. These details may also serve to educate the reader about DNA, , mRNA, how new drugs are created, and medical ethics. There are also extensive descriptions of various poisons and how to use them for nefarious purposes.

One of the author’s strengths is the way he uses adjectives to create a picture. I particularly liked the description of the inside of a character’s home: “Burksdale made a final look around the rather boring, sullen, apartment…”. Another few sentences of note: “With his good looks, self-confidence, and obvious intelligence, Bob could walk into any room and light it up. The women adored him, and the men wanted to be him.”

I also learned some more about company security. We are all subject to phishing and identity theft, and I liked how the tone of chapter 9 was set by chapter 8’s discussing the internet of things and how hackers operate.

This book made me think about medical ethics and corporate greed. The drug companies in the United States are at times both helpful and a hindrance. Lifesaving drugs are created, yet they are ridiculously overpriced, and people may have to choose between food on the table or the medication that makes their quality of life better. It is also very frightening to consider that corporate espionage goes on every day, and we may never find out about it.

Some things I disliked about the book were: simple editing errors regarding spelling (pored over, NOT poured over!) and the author’s excessive use of italics. He used them in many instances where they were not needed. For example: italics are used for all company names (Harris Therapeutics) and websites (Google, Facebook). This became jarring to me, as I normally associate italics being used for emphasis, not to discern a company name or website, etc. Eventually I got italics fatigue and viewed it all like the boy crying wolf.

Another unpleasant idiosyncrasy I noted: the verb tenses were often not compatible with each other within the same sentence. For example, on page 69 the sentence moves from past tense to present: “…Burksdale WAS able to assemble a list….it IS frightening how much personal information IS available online…” And again, from page 73: “Traffic on the expressway CAN BE brutal during rush hour, and getting off late WOULD BE a miserable waste of time”. It was as if the author was writing an aside to the reader to make a point of explaining something. This too, became grating to me, as the English major in me cringed every time I came upon it. It took me away from being absorbed in the story to shuddering and replacing the verb tense in my mind. I have not read any other of Young’s books, so I have no way of knowing if this is a one-off in this particular book, or if that is his true writing style.

One final note: I thought the ending was a bit abrupt. I would have liked to see a little more detail about some of the characters and how their lives were affected.

In Summary: TO CURE OR KILL is a thrilling tale of greed, ambition, and the pursuit of scientific breakthroughs, with a cautionary message about the potential dangers of unchecked ambition. It is also a timely and relevant novel that sheds light on the often-hidden world of pharmaceutical research. The novel explores important themes such as the ethics of scientific research, the greed of corporations, and the power of hope. The plot is a blend of fiction and reality, and the author challenges the reader to question whether such a story could happen.

This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the intersection of medicine, business, and ethics. Fans of medical thrillers and suspenseful fiction will also enjoy this book. I recommend this book to anyone who enjoys reading the works of Robin Cook, Michael Palmer, and Sandeep Jauhar.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 by Lorraine Evans

October 24, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

The Life of a Medical Officer in WW1 documents the experiences of Captain Harry Gordon Parker and provides a rare insight into the conflict that engulfed Europe from 1914-1918. Having joined the Naval Medical Service as a Royal Navy Temporary Surgeon, Parker’s first taste of war was aboard a hospital evacuation ship, which regularly crossed the English Channel, from Southampton to France, picking up casualties from the battle grounds. Somewhat disillusioned with the whole experience, he requested a transfer to the Royal Medical Army Corps and soon found himself transported to the trenches in France. It was here, first serving with the Lancashire Fusiliers and then later as permanent Regimental Medical Officer with the 2nd Manchester’s Regiment, that he spent the remainder of the war, witnessing first-hand the horrors of Passchendaele, Arras and the Somme.

Parker’s account not only reveals a record of the conflict, but also encompasses a totality of military life as it impacted on the medical fraternity. From bureaucratic red tape, lack of medical supplies, lice infestations, trench foot and absurd missions where the incompetence of his own side was as dangerous as the enemy, his thoughts are penned with sincerity, the utmost compassion as well as a certain degree of sardonic humor: ‘We went into the trenches for the first time at Givenchy. It snowed heavily, and our rations did not arrive. The Royal Welsh, however, generously shared their rations with our men, who repaid the kindness by (accidentally) shooting one of the Sergeants through the stomach!’. With endorsement from family members, author Lorraine Evans has revised Parker’s notes and scribblings for clarity and added complementary text to provide historical background. What transpires is a lasting and classic chronicle, an extraordinary human account of history as it ensued.

Thanks to Pen & Sword Publishing and the author for this review copy!

Lorraine Evans’ book THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 provides a detailed account of the experiences of medical officers during the Great War. The book is well-researched and provides a comprehensive insight into the challenges faced by these medical professionals during one of the most devastating periods in human history.

One of the primary themes that emerges from the book is the sheer scale of the medical challenges faced by the British Army during World War 1. With millions of soldiers fighting on the Western Front, medical officers were constantly dealing with a vast array of injuries and illnesses. From trench foot and gas attacks to bullet wounds and shell shock, medical officers were forced to deal with a range of conditions that they had never encountered before. Evans provides a vivid and sometimes disturbing description of the types of injuries and illnesses that medical officers had to deal with, as well as the methods they used to treat them.

Another key theme that emerges from the book is the resourcefulness and resilience of these soldiers during the war. Despite the constant challenges they faced, medical officers worked tirelessly to ensure that soldiers received the best possible care. This involved not only treating injuries and illnesses but also implementing measures to prevent the spread of disease and infection. Medical officers had to adapt quickly to changing circumstances and make do with limited resources. Evans highlights the innovative techniques and treatments that medical officers developed during the war, such as the use of X-rays and the introduction of blood transfusions.

The book also offers valuable insights into the social and cultural context of medical practice during World War I. Evans explores the gender and class dynamics that influenced medical practice during the war. Medical officers were overwhelmingly male, and many came from privileged backgrounds. This created tensions with the rank-and-file soldiers, who often resented the perceived class divide between themselves and the medical officers. Evans also discusses the role of women in medical practice during the war, highlighting the contributions of female nurses and doctors and detailing the barriers they faced in their efforts to contribute to the war effort.

Evans’ writing is engaging and immersive, drawing readers into the world of these professionals. She describes their daily routine, from the early morning rounds to the late-night surgeries. The book provides a detailed look at the medical equipment used during the war, such as stretchers, bandages, and surgical instruments. The reader will also learn about the medical techniques used during the war, including the use of gas and the development of new surgical procedures.

The author does not shy away from the horrors of war, including the gruesome injuries that medical officers were faced with daily. Evans describes the carnage of the battlefield in vivid detail, painting a picture of the overwhelming and gruesome reality of war. However, she also emphasizes the importance of the work done by these men, who often risked their own lives to save others.

Throughout the book, Evans pays tribute to the bravery and sacrifice of these soldiers during the war. She describes the courage it took to venture into the trenches, often under heavy fire, to treat wounded soldiers. The book is a testament to the selflessness and dedication of both men and women, who worked tirelessly to ease the suffering of others in the face of unimaginable adversity.

Overall, THE LIFE OF A MEDICAL OFFICER IN WW1 is an insightful and informative book that offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced by these soldiers during one of the most tumultuous periods in human history. Evans’ writing is clear and engaging, and she provides a wealth of detail that will be of interest to anyone interested in the history of medicine or the history of warfare. The book is also highly relevant to contemporary debates about healthcare provision and the role of medical professionals in times of crisis. As such, it is an essential read for anyone looking to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by medical professionals during times of war. It is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of medicine, as well as those interested in the First World War and its impact on those who fought in it.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

SAY ANARCHA by J.C. Hallman

August 29, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A compelling reckoning with the birth of women’s health that illuminates the sacrifices of a young woman who changed the world only to be forgotten by it―until now.

For more than a century, Dr. J. Marion Sims was hailed as the “father of modern gynecology.” He founded a hospital in New York City and had a profitable career treating gentry and royalty in Europe, becoming one of the world’s first celebrity surgeons. Statues were built in his honor, but he wasn’t the hero he had made himself appear to be.
Sims’s greatest medical claim was the result of several years of experimental surgeries―without anesthesia―on a young, enslaved woman known as Anarcha; his so-called cure for obstetric fistula forever altered the path of women’s health.
One medical text after another hailed Anarcha as the embodiment of the pivotal role that Sims played in the history of surgery. Decades later, a groundswell of women objecting to Sims’s legacy celebrated Anarcha as the “mother of gynecology.” Little was known about the woman herself. The written record would have us believe Anarcha disappeared; she did not.

Through tenacious research, J. C. Hallman has unearthed the first evidence of Anarcha’s life that did not come from Sims’s suspect reports. Hallman reveals that after helping to spark a patient-centered model of care that continues to improve women’s lives today, Anarcha lived on as a midwife, nurse, and “doctor woman.”
SAY ANARCHA excavates history, deconstructing the biographical smoke screen of a surgeon who has falsely been enshrined as a medical pioneer and bringing forth a heroic Black woman to her rightful place at the center of the creation story of modern women’s health care.

Thanks to NetGalley and Henry Holt Company for this review copy!

SAY ANARCHA by JC Hallman is a remarkable work that transports readers to the haunting realities of 19th-century America, where the harrowing echoes of enslaved African American women’s lives reverberate through time. This powerful novel delves deep into the forgotten pages of history, weaving a compelling narrative that is as heart-wrenching as it is enlightening.

The story revolves around Anarcha, one of the countless enslaved women subjected to Dr. Marion Sims’ inhumane medical experiments in his quest to perfect the technique of gynecological surgery. a white doctor who is often credited with the invention of modern gynecology.

Drawing inspiration from historical events, the author masterfully combines fact and fiction, bringing the agonizing experiences of Anarcha and her fellow enslaved women to life with vivid prose. Hallman’s writing effortlessly transports readers to the 19th-century Southern United States, immersing them in a world of suffering and hope. This strength was also a weakness to me, as I felt bogged down by all the history. At one point I decided to start skipping over the incredible details and concentrate on Anarcha and the other major characters. These are my thoughts; others may welcome history as a refresher, or as new knowledge.

The book begins with a brief overview of Sims’s life and work. Sims was a brilliant surgeon, but he was also a deeply flawed man who was willing to exploit the most vulnerable members of society in his quest for medical knowledge. In 1846, Sims began performing experimental surgeries on Anarcha, who had suffered a severe vesicovaginal fistula, a condition that causes urine to leak into the vagina. Sims performed these surgeries without anesthesia, and Anarcha endured unimaginable pain and suffering. She eventually died from complications from all her surgeries.

The book is divided into two parts. The first part tells the story of Anarcha’s life, from her childhood in slavery to her years of suffering at the hands of Sims. The second part tells the story of Sims’ rise to fame as the “Father of Gynecology.” Sims’ innovations were built upon the suffering and exploitation of Anarcha and other enslaved women. Hallman weaves a vivid tapestry of historical accounts, immersing readers in the cruel reality faced by Anarcha and countless others, while shedding light on the often-neglected narratives of African American women in history.

Hallman’s book does not shy away from the horrors of Anarcha’s story. He describes in detail the surgeries that Sims performed on her, and he also explores the psychological and emotional toll that these surgeries took on Anarcha. However, Hallman also does a masterful job of humanizing Anarcha. He shows us that she was a complex and resilient woman who was determined to survive and thrive, even in the face of unspeakable cruelty. Despite the horrific abuse she suffered, Anarcha never gave up hope. She continued to fight for her freedom, and she eventually won her release from slavery.

One of the book’s strengths is the author’s ability to blend history with imagination, breathing life into Anarcha and the other characters surrounding her. Hallman’s meticulous research is evident, as he brings to light the horrors of slavery and the atrocities committed in the name of medical progress.

The novel also explores the perspectives of those around Anarcha, including Dr. Sims himself. This multi-dimensional approach adds depth to the narrative, forcing readers to confront the uncomfortable truths about the moral and ethical dilemmas faced by those complicit in perpetuating the system of slavery. The portrayal of Dr. Sims is particularly nuanced, exploring the complexity of his character as both a pioneering surgeon and a morally flawed individual. For all his knowledge, he was extremely self-centered and didn’t even care about women’s health as he was going through medical school! I feel that he did everything solely to make his name known, not out of compassion.

“Say Anarcha” may not be for the faint of heart due to its graphic descriptions of medical procedures and the harsh realities of slavery. Readers should be prepared for an emotionally intense journey that forces them to confront the uncomfortable truths of history.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

RANDOM ACTS OF MEDICINE by Anupam B. Jena & Christopher Worsham

August 15, 2023 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A groundbreaking book at the intersection of health and economics, revealing the hidden side of medicine and how unexpected—but predictable—events can profoundly affect our health. Why do kids born in the summer get diagnosed more often with A.D.H.D.? How are marathons harmful for your health, even when you’re not running? What do surgeons and salesmen have in common? Which annual event made people 30 percent more likely to get COVID-19?
As a University of Chicago–trained economist and Harvard medical school professor and doctor, Anupam Jena is uniquely equipped to answer these questions. And as a critical care doctor at Massachusetts General who researches health care policy, Christopher Worsham confronts their impact on the hospital’s sickest patients. In this singular work of science and medicine, Jena and Worsham show us how medicine really works, and its effect on all of us.

Relying on ingeniously devised natural experiments—random events that unknowingly turn us into experimental subjects—Jena and Worsham do more than offer readers colorful stories. They help us see the way our health is shaped by forces invisible to the untrained eye. Is there ever a good time to have a heart attack? Do you choose the veteran doctor or the rookie?  Do you really need the surgery your doctor recommends? These questions are rife with significance; their impact can be life changing. Addressing them in a style that’s both animated and enlightening, Random Acts of Medicine empowers you to see past the white coat and find out what really makes medicine work—and how it could work better.

Thanks to Doubleday Books for this review copy! Authors Anupam B. Jena and Christopher Worsham have collaborated on a fascinating and eye-opening book at the intersection of health and economics. The book explores the surprising and often counterintuitive ways that medicine works. The authors, both doctors and researchers at Harvard Medical School, use natural experiments—random events that create natural comparisons among people—to reveal the hidden factors that influence our health outcomes.

Jena and Worsham look at medicine from a few different angles, including the role of chance and luck, the power of natural experiments, and the future of healthcare. Jena and Worsham do an excellent job of explaining complex concepts in a way that is easy to understand.

The book is divided into three parts: “The Hidden Side of Medicine,” “The Power of Natural Experiments,” and “The Future of Medicine.” In the first part, Jena and Worsham explore the ways in which chance and luck play a role in our health. They discuss how our birthdate, our zip code, and even our name can all influence our health outcomes.

In the second part of the book, Jena and Worsham introduce the concept of natural experiments. Natural experiments are events that happen outside of a doctor’s control, but which can be used to learn about the effects of different medical treatments or interventions. For example, Jena and Worsham discuss how the introduction of a new drug can be used to study the effects of that drug on a population of patients.

In the third part of the book, Jena and Worsham look at the future of medicine. They discuss how the rise of big data and artificial intelligence is changing the way we understand and treat disease. They also discuss the challenges that we face in making sure that everyone has access to high-quality healthcare.

For example, they show how kids born in the summer are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, how marathons can harm your health even if you don’t run, how surgeons and salesmen have similar incentives, and how an annual event made people 30 percent more likely to get COVID-19. The book is full of intriguing stories and insights that challenge our assumptions and make us think differently about medicine and health care.

The book is also written in a clear and engaging style that makes it accessible and enjoyable for anyone interested in learning more about the science and economics of medicine. The authors combine rigorous research with personal anecdotes and humor to illustrate their points and keep the reader hooked. They also offer practical advice on how to make better decisions for ourselves and our loved ones when it comes to our health. One caveat: I felt the book was a bit long. I think it could have been shorter without losing any of the valuable information.

Random Acts of Medicine is an informative read for anyone who wants to understand how medicine really works, and how it could work better. It will make you smarter, healthier, and more informed about one of the most important aspects of our lives. I recommend it to anyone who is interested in learning more about the hidden side of medicine, the power of natural experiments, and the future of healthcare.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

THE FIRST HARM by Steven Piskula

November 29, 2022 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

A first-year medical student determined to do everything right . . . discovers something very wrong. Now somebody wants her dead. Tanna Christensen spent countless hours planning for her first gross anatomy dissection, but nothing could have prepared her for what she found. Beneath her scalpel lies a cadaver riddled with disturbing genetic abnormalities—evidence pointing to an unthinkable crime. Tanna believes her discovery is the tip of a terrifying secret that goes far deeper than a single corpse. But when her investigation leads to a brutal murder, a lethal cover-up threatens to destroy the future she once dreamed of. And now she’s the next target. Afraid and on the run, Tanna must expose the truth before more lives are lost—including her own. Or is it already too late?

Thanks to the author, BookSirens, Hidden Gems Books, and editors Jim Thomsen and David Gatewood for this ARC!

THE FIRST HARM is an excellent first outing by author Steven Piskula. There is suspense, mystery, sci-fi medicine, and a strong female lead character. Aspiring physician Tanna is drawn into a conspiracy when she secretly dissects a corpse that has an unusual anatomy glitch. Soon, her world comes crashing down around her as she is hunted mercilessly to prevent her from sharing her knowledge with the world. She finds an unlikely ally in an emotionally damaged former biker, Jason, who gets caught up in the whirlwind cat-and-mouse game purely by accident.

Tanna is a strong character, yet weak at the same time. She is filled with self-doubt and sometimes hesitates when she should be acting. She is full of dogged persistence, however, as she never gives up in her quest to uncover the truth. At times I wished she would stop second-guessing herself and be confident; this was probably the most frustrating thing about the story.

There is a love-to-hate self-aggrandizing head scientist, Dr Craig Emmerson, who is the head of Modern Genetics, a futuristic but entirely plausible company doing some unethical research. He is arrogant, narcissistic, and brilliant. Even though he was the baddest of villains, I enjoyed reading his innermost thoughts and learning about his evil intentions. I would be eager to see a prequel with him as the center of attention (this fictional character would LOVE that!) to learn more about his journey as he created Modern Genetics.

I did feel dubious about Jason, who is an addict who just wants to be high so he can escape his demons. He is very rough around the edges, but no fool, as he helps Tanna escape some precarious situations. As the book progresses, they become more of a cohesive team while the action ratchets up. I was definitely turning those pages to see what was going to happen next!

The author’s writing style is straightforward and easy to read. His ability to create the sci-f medicine of Modern Genetics is amazing and thought provoking, as his creation of other characters, some of which may be unreliable narrators. I was not sure who I should trust as the book progressed, and the ending was satisfactory without being abrupt or inconclusive. There were twists along the way that held my interest and I could not predict how the book would end. Piskula is an accomplished screenwriter with an MFA, and his talent shines bright in THE FIRST HARM. It was a wonderful read.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

DEATH INTERRUPTED by Blair Bigham, MD

October 18, 2022 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

In Death Interrupted, ICU doctor Blair Bigham shares his first-hand experiences of how medicine has complicated the way we die and offers a road map for dying in the modern era. Doctors today can call on previously unimaginable technologies to help keep our bodies alive. In this new era, most organs can be kept from dying almost indefinitely by machines. But this unprecedented shift in end-of-life care has created a major crisis. In the widening grey zone between life and death, doctors fight with doctors, families feel pressured to make tough decisions about their loved ones, and lawyers are left to argue life-and-death cases in the courts. Meanwhile, intensive care patients are caught in purgatory, attached to machines and unable to speak for themselves. In Death Interrupted, Dr. Blair Bigham seeks to help readers understand the options facing them at the end of their lives. Through conversations with end-of-life professionals — including ethicists, social workers, and nurses and doctors who practice palliative care — and observations from his own time working in ambulances, emergency rooms, and the ICU, Bigham exposes the tensions inherent in this new era of dying and answers the tough questions facing us all. Because now, for the first time in human history, we may be able to choose how our own story ends.

Many thanks to NetGalley and House of Anansi Press for this review copy!

This book will make you think long and hard about your final wishes. The author explains why death and dying is such a taboo subject, how technology is making us think that we should live forever, and continually reminds us that “mors vincit omnia” (which means death conquers all in Latin). Bigham shows his compassion in every chapter, as he explores the new frontiers of end-of-life care and human euthanasia.

Years ago, our life expectancy was a lot shorter than it is now. Families were used to each other dying at home in their own beds. As they were forced to confront their mortality in a very tangible way, there were no taboos surrounding death. It was, quite literally, a major part of their lives. Since our life expectancy has increased, and there is so much innovative technology such as ventilators and ECMO machines that can prolong life, we are determined to avoid death for as long as we can. Every medical show on TV shows doctors snatching patients out of the jaws of death via “code blue” situations and miracles. The author describes this equation: technology X (resuscitation glorification + death denialism) = FALSE HOPE. We come to a hospital armed with the belief that recovery is imminent, therefore there is no reason to consider end-of-life planning or care.

Despite the leaps and bounds made by new medical technology, doctors hesitate to rely on machines sometimes. Airline pilots are taught to trust their instruments completely; after all, when they can’t see out of the plane’s window, they fly using the altimeter, directional gyro, and other instruments that let them know how fast and high they are going. In the medical world, things are different. A patient on a respirator is not guaranteed to wake up and resume his normal life. Transplanted organs may be rejected. And thereby lies the “death dilemma”. When is it time to pull the plug? Who decides to sentence their loved ones to the Great Beyond? Why don’t doctors talk honestly about death and dying, or palliative care? We all want the kitchen sink thrown at our mom or brother, in hopes that they will be with us longer, having cheated death.

But that is not always possible, or even desired. Those who stipulate “no feeding tube” or choose to be a DNR are choosing control over their own death, relieving the family countless hours of arguing, or wondering what Dad would really want done in case of mortal injuries or sickness. The author discusses ethics, communication, and myths surrounding death, to enlighten us and understand the predicament our doctors are in. There is a chapter on euthanasia and on cryogenics. There are conversations with scientists and ethicists who find the death dilemma fascinating. There are stories about real patients who lived against all odds, and others who died despite hours long codes and hundreds of pints of blood pumped into their bodies. Bigham provokes the reader to truly confront their own fears about death, suffering, and not being able to go peacefully, on their own terms.

I find the death dilemma very fascinating and have read extensively on this subject (as I have mentioned multiple times in my reviews, I wanted to be a mortician when I was deciding my path through life). DEATH INTERRUPTED is one of the best books I have read on this subject. The author shows his human side through his compassion and quest to make every one of his patients have the best death possible. His writing is not too technical or difficult to understand, and he tries to show the pros and cons of prolonging life for distinct reasons. I am happy to report that I also learned some new things, such as the various “types” of death (brain-dead, suspension to keep organs alive for donation, and dead-dead) and the problems doctors face before they are able to declare one dead.

(On a similar note – this article appeared in the New York Times and I found it quite appropriate to add to this review.)

If you are wondering why you would need to make a living will or are putting off thinking about a morbid subject like your own death, please read this book. You will be shocked, saddened, scared, and motivated to consider your own end-of-life wishes. Many thanks to Blair Bigham for bringing this subject to the forefront in a new and stimulating way.

Want your own copy? You can pick it up here.

The Remarkable Life of the Skin by Monty Lyman

March 10, 2020 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

Providing a cover for our delicate and intricate bodies, the skin is our largest and fastest-growing organ. We see it, touch it, and live in it every day. It is a habitat for a mesmerizingly complex world of micro-organisms and physical functions that are vital to our health and our survival. It is also a waste removal plant, a warning system for underlying disease and a dynamic immune barrier to infection. One of the first things people see about us, skin is crucial to our sense of identity, providing us with social significance and psychological meaning. And yet our skin and the fascinating way it functions is largely unknown to us.

In prose as lucid as his research underlying it is rigorous, blending in memorable stories from the past and from his own medical experience, Monty Lyman has written a revelatory book exploring our outer surface that will surprise and enlighten in equal measure. Through the lenses of science, sociology, and history—on topics as diverse as the mechanics and magic of touch (how much goes on in the simple act of taking keys out of a pocket and unlocking a door is astounding), the close connection between the skin and the gut, what happens instantly when one gets a paper cut, and how a midnight snack can lead to sunburn—Lyman leads us on a journey across our most underrated and unexplored organ and reveals how our skin is far stranger, more wondrous, and more complex than we have ever imagined.

Thanks to NetGalley for this review copy!

Our skin is our largest organ – a fact that is often overlooked. Author Monty Lyman strives to put our skin front and center in this book. Each chapter covers a different aspect of what a marvelous organ our external covering is, from scientific to religious. The author discusses tattoos, skin conditions such as psoriasis, and discrimination based on skin color.

I found the medical portions to be the most interesting; I learned more about lice than I ever planned to. Despite the jargon, this section of the book is easily comprehended, aided by drawings that illustrate the author’s point.

We also learn about how sunburn affects us, why itches are so maddening, and exactly how many microscopic parasites live on us, no matter how clean we are. Each chapter builds upon the previous ones, creating a thorough picture of our skin and why it is so amazingly unique.

Lyman uses anecdotes and history to supplement his writing. He also is unafraid to discuss uncomfortable topics such as racism and lepers, which I found refreshing. I learned a lot about the misinformation surrounding lepers, plus I enjoyed the philosophical leaning during the chapter on racism based on skin color. He even takes a detour into religion, noting that some beliefs require covering most of the skin, while others worship “skyclad” (naked). Despite our differences, our outer covering makes us the same, and you will understand that better once you finish THE REMARKABLE LIFE OF THE SKIN.

I have a new respect for my skin now that I have finished this book – I bet you will too! You can pick up your copy here.

The Body by Bill Bryson

October 15, 2019 / Kyle Wendy Skultety / 0 Comments

In the bestselling, prize-winning A Short History of Nearly Everything Bill Bryson achieved the seemingly impossible by making the science of our world both understandable and entertaining to millions of people around the globe.

Now he turns his attention inwards to explore the human body, how it functions and its remarkable ability to heal itself. Full of extraordinary facts and astonishing stories The Body: A Guide for Occupants is a brilliant, often very funny attempt to understand the miracle of our physical and neurological make up.

A wonderful successor to A Short History of Nearly Everything, this book will have you marvelling at the form you occupy, and celebrating the genius of your existence, time and time again.

Thanks to NetGalley for this ARC!

Did you ever wonder how many times a day you blink? Or who invented the calorie and why we are so obsessed with counting them? These answers and a multitude of others can be found in THE BODY, a wonderfully wry book of facts and stories about, well, the body we occupy. Each chapter is devoted to one of the body’s systems (the gut, the nervous system, as well as sleep and the function of glands, etc) so as to build upon the last chapter’s information. Here’s an interesting factoid from the food chapter: fruits have been genetically manipulated to be sweeter than they were hundreds of years ago. The author purports that apples in Shakespeare’s day were no sweeter than today’s carrots.

I’m trying to decide whether Bryson’s droll wit or the abundance of information about our body is the best part of the book. You will end up learning things without even trying – there isn’t any deep scientific talk so you don’t need a degree in biology to easily read this book.

There isn’t a plot so much as a description of the body part, its function, and then facts and history about it. For example, in the chapter entitled “Gut” we learn how our digestive system works, then we learn about E. coli and other dangerous microbes, there is a bit about food safety, and then it’s 1822 and we are reading about an unfortunate accident that left a hole in a fur trapper’s stomach. This fur trapper eventually became something of a living experiment due to the injury (Google “Beaumont and St Martin” for more details if you wish).

This was an illuminating and droll read – one of the better books I have read this summer. Run, don’t walk to get your copy! You will be thoroughly enlightened and entertained, and even a bit grossed out – in a good way.

You can pick up your copy here.